Production of Materials

9.2 ? Production of Materials1. Fossil fuels provide both postcode and gawky materials such as ethylene, for the production of other substances1.1.construct word and balance formulae equations of chemical reactions as they ar encountered1.2.identify the industrial source of ethylene from the snap fastener of some of the fractions from the refining of petroleumSteam (thermal) cracking:ethane C2H4 + H2?H = +138kJ/moleC C C C + H2C3H8 C2H4 + CH4?H = +87kJ/moleC C C C C + CEthane and propane are converted into ethylene by heating them in a furnace with steam at a temperature of around 700-900ºC. The larger molecules are converted into the depleted molecules that are being formed. Energy is absorbed when breaking bonds and energy is released when bonds are formed. C16H34 C3H6 + C2H4 + C11H24With steam cracking, it is difficult to control the surface of monomers. catalytic crack ing:Decane octane + etheneC10H22 C8H18 + C2H4With catalytic cracking, they are able to control the size of monomers. It is too possible to carry out the reaction at a much lower temperature. The catalyst is a inhomogeneous catalyst. The catalyst and the reactant are not in the same contour (solid, lucid or gas). For example, zeolite ? a crystalline substance consisting of aluminium, silicon and oxygen. It is a 3-D structure consisting of numerous channels or pores into which the persistent strand molecules are absorbed and broken into littler chain molecules. 1.3.

identify that ethylene, beca use of the high reactivity of its double bon! d, is readily transformed into many useful productsAlkanes are very un-reactive. They are not as reactive as the alkenes. Alkanes are saturate hydrocarbons. They undergo switching reactions. CH4 + Cl2 chloromethane + atomic number 1 chlorideC + Cl2 C + HClChloromethane + Cl2 dichloromethane + hydrogen chlorideC + Cl2 C + HCldichloromethane + Cl2 trichloromethane + hydrogen chlorideC + Cl2... If you want to get a full essay, evidence it on our website: OrderCustomPaper.com

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